Abstract
The energy sector in North America is integrated and supplies energy to all three countries in the region, ensuring trade and stability in energy supply. This article argues that, although fos-sil fuels enjoy integration at the trinational level, the electrification by means of the energy transition driven by renewable sources and clean technologies positions states and provinces as leaders in North American integration. This dynamic fragments the trinational regionalism and exacerbates the imbalance in technology development in North America. Despite this, the energy transition from subnational governments (provinces and states) is encouraged. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the energy transition in the provinces and states of the three countries, contrasting it with the USMCA’S energy regionalism project.
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