Resumen
En un contexto de rivalidad geoeconómica entre Estados Unidos y China, los minerales críticos han adquirido un papel estratégico en sectores como energía, defensa y tecnología. Este artículo analiza la viabilidad de un club norteamericano de minerales críticos, integrando la teoría de bienes club, el regionalismo estratégico y la economía política trilateral. Se identifican complementariedades estructurales entre Estados Unidos, Canadá y México, pero también tensiones fiscales, políticas y de soberanía. Se concluye que la sostenibilidad del club requiere una arquitectura de gobernanza multinivel con mecanismos redistributivos y salvaguardas territoriales que garanticen legitimidad social y viabilidad política.
Citas
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